e. There are 4 helper functions in scales used to demonstrate ggplot2 style scales for specific types of data: demo_continuous () and demo_log10 () for numerical axes. Mar 18, 2022 at 14:05. Position scales for continuous data (x & y) Description. Here's an explanation: First, The breaks argument in scale_y_continuous() can take the form of a function of the plot's input data (x in this case) Second, seq(0, (max(x) + 1) * 1. The expansion vectors are used to add some space between the data and the axes. scale_x_discrete 函数的另一个有用功能是从 x 轴消除一些元素并仅绘制其中的少数元素。 在这种情况下，我们使用 PlantGrowth 数据集，其中列出了三类组。 因此，我们可以输出只有 trt2 和 trt1 组的箱线图，如下面的代码片段所示。Option F: Automatically add line breaks. It is possible to override this default using transformations. But you can also define custom transformation functions by supplying the trans argument to scale_y_continuous() (and similarly for scale_x_continuous()). Use the convenience function expansion () of ggplot2 to generate the values for the expand argument. 1, date and datetime scales have limited secondary axis capabilities. mark = ". Unlike continuous scales, discrete scales can easily show missing values, and do so by default. Example 1: Modify Minor Grid Lines on X-Axis of ggplot2 Plot. A volcano plot depicts: ; Along its x-axis: log_fc i. A menudo, es posible que desee convertir el eje x o la escala del eje y de un gráfico ggplot2 en una escala logarítmica. All formatters allow you to re-scale (multiplicatively), to round to specified accuracy, to add custom suffix and prefix. p <- ggplot (mtcars, aes (cyl, mpg)) + geom_point () p <- p + scale_y_continuous (sec. I have successfully used a function to add degree symbols to the tick labels created by scale_x_continuous. I'm able to add thousands separators in "y" axis but I can't do it in the content area: This is the code that I use for "y" axis: scale_y_continuous(labels=function(x) format(x, big. It's also possible to control axis breaks by specifying a step between ticks. This means that it is impossible to plot a percentage (scale_y_continuous(labels=scales::percent_format())) and a scientific number (scale_y_continuous(labels=scales::scientific_format())) on the same axis but different. 1, 0. Set the y axis label: m + scale_y_continuous(name = "number of votes") Let's relabel the axes to be in 10,000. (m <- qplot (rating, votes, data=subset (movies, votes > 1000), na. 2 Answers. labels = c ("30 %", "40 %",. 3 the working syntax is: require (scales) ggplot (timeSeries, aes (x=Date, y=Unique. Afterwards you could get petrcent labels using scales::percent:Complete noob to R/RStudio/tidyverse. First, I've replicated an example of the graph run-off you were describing by setting the sample size to 50 and standard deviation to 0. The defaults are to expand the scale by 5% on each side for continuous variables, and by 0. Provide some indication of the break in scale. I would like to plot ONLY y-axis1 DATA (left axis, Var1, dotted line) as a log10 scale. Customize a continuous axis. Use it when the ranges of your variables vary greatly and need to be freed. ) and as a function labels = percent. Looking at log_trans and reverse_trans in the scales package for guidance and inspiration, a. The expansions vectors are used to add some space between the data and the axes. I have both continuous and discrete variables in my plot but the "x-axis" only contains a continuous variable. Below I've illustrated how this can be done using the mtcars dataset. You can use the following syntax to set the axis breaks for the y-axis and x-axis in ggplot2: #set breaks on y-axis scale_y_continuous (limits = c (0, 100), breaks =. Use scale_y_continuous para remover rótulos no eixo Y em R. The basic steps involved are the same whichever graphics package you use: Transform the data into the Y scale that you want. arrange. translate. Value. 5, position="stack") + scale_y_continuous (trans = "log1p") This doesn't work, however, as the stacking is performed without taking the log scale into. Setting range and breaks on scale on ggplot2. 5, 1, 1. Scale transformation. The idea is to increase at least +1 to the maximum value of the plot with the highest y-axis value (in the case explained above, it would be the second boxplot with n=8) I have tried to change the y-axis with scale_y_continuous like this: p <- p + scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 5. Thus, using percent() is not an option anymore. It appears that the scale_y_continuous() command is switched off by ylim(). With the line plot I use the scale_y_continuous argument. In this particular case we have it fairly easy. ", decimal. 0. Break points not behaving with scale_y_continuous() 0. Value. scales::percent(100, scale = 1) ## [1] "100%" 然而，scale_y_continuous()中的labels参数期望的是一个函数而非一个实际的标签值作为其输入，引起使用percent()不是一个好的选项。不过好在scales包也提供了另一个percent_format()函数，它可以返回一个已经更改过默认值的percent()函数。 Some common formats are built into the scales package: x <- rnorm (10) * 100000 y <- seq (0, 1, length = 10) p <- qplot (x, y) library (scales) p + scale_y_continuous (labels = percent) p + scale_y_continuous (labels = dollar) p + scale_x_continuous (labels = comma) # qplot allows you to do some of this with a little less typing: # * axis. A convenient way to specify what guides should be drawn where is the guides. Now the column is of a class date. Unlike other continuous scales, secondary axis transformations for date and datetime scales must respect their primary. I had previously been doing this using: scale_x_discrete (labels=c ("old_label" = "new_label")) However, I cannot use both scale_x_discrete. scale_y_cut(breaks, which = NULL, scales = NULL, expand = FALSE, space = 0. When you use limits= inside the scale function, data are subsetted in that diapason. axis = sec_axis (~. 3. 5), limits = c(5,7)) was the solution! What you may have to keep in mind if you use log transformed data like me is that if you simply put c(0,40) or similar, your data may appear very small as the distance from 0 to the first break (10 in my case) is large and it could be better to use the real bottom. When working with continuous data, the default is to map linearly from the data space onto the aesthetic space. Follow edited Jan 6, 2011 at 0:16. Creates breaks for numeric axes to be used in the functions scale_x_continuous () and scale_y_continuous (). When adding the p-values to a horizontal ggplot, you need to specify the option coord. Any advise? python; bar-chart; visualization; data-science; plotnine; Share. . An introductory book for health data science using R. position. 2k 6 6 gold badges 54 54 silver badges 94 94 bronze badges. The options vjust (vertical adjustment) and hjust (horizontal adjustment) can be also specified to. I am now trying to change the label of one factor. scale_y_sqrt (**kwargs) Continuous y position sqrt transformed scale. scale_y_continuous. expand_scale(mult = 0, add = 0) Arguments mult . count. g. The examples demonstrate their use with x scales, but they work similarly. . New replies are no longer allowed. Some common formats are built into the scales package: x <- rnorm (10) * 100000 y <- seq (0, 1, length = 10) p <- qplot (x, y) library (scales) p + scale_y_continuous (labels = percent) p + scale_y_continuous (labels = dollar) p + scale_x_continuous (labels = comma) # qplot allows you to do some of this with a little less typing: # * axis. Note that these axis values may not make much sense (eg. 1) First we make a sequence between 0 and the maximum value of the x-axis, plus some extra padding ((x+1)*1. groups. We often put these types of data on the x-axis, while the y-axis is frequently used for counts. R ggplot2 scale_y_continuous : Combining breaks & limits. . 5. Pick better value with `binwidth`. 1 Answer. You can also extend that end by a fixed amount: for instance, scale_y_continuous (expand = expansion (add = c (0, 5))) extends it by 5 units of space. In a plot, constructed with the use of ggplot2 package, for example, such one: ggplot (cars, aes (x = speed, y = dist))+geom_col () the axes can be transformed by applying appropriate directives. 15,0)) works in many cases, but not all. , scale_colour_gradient2 () , scale_colour_gradientn () ). Z. ggplot2: change break points of discrete scale to be between two break points. One of the most difficult parts of any graphics package is scaling, converting from data values to perceptual properties. You will also need to specify that this should be applied to the limits= argument. p + scale_y_continuous (breaks = c (4, 4. Convenience function to return a scale_y_continuous function using percentage labels. 2, 10, 32, 100), limits=c (0,100)), I get this: ibb. 15 axis label scales The scales package, a ggplot2 dependency 4 , makes it incredibly easy to reformat x and y axis labels (among other things). , scale_x_continuous(trans = "log10"). Learn how to customize the default position scales for x and y aesthetics in ggplot2 using scale_continuous() function. EDIT: If you want to filter out the . Share. This article tells us that “it’s OK not to start your y-axis at zero”, but then states that “column and bar charts should always have zeroed axes”. scale_y_continuous in ggplot2 How to use logarithmic scales with ggplot2 axes. I solved my own problem. Avatar: The Last Airbender (Fire Nation, Air Nomads, Water Tribe, Earth Kingdom)Next, we'll make a plot with dual y axes, with the left axis showing the concentration scale and the right axis showing the biomarker scale. Improve this question. g. Follow edited Oct 8, 2018 at 3:23. If you specify 2 scales, e. So to make sure the pretty breaks line up with the limits based on the original. The x and y parameters can be modified using these. The expansion vectors are used to add some space between the data and the axes. scale_x/y_continuous breaks by n in R ggplot2? 1. Generate expansion vector for scales. 5g", x)}. 1). The defaults are to expand the scale by 5% on each side for continuous variables, and by 0. by default multipled by 0. 5)) to the code I receive a warning message stating that it's removed 72 rows. A function used to scale the input values to the range [0, 1]. 1 of ggplot2) Share. This censors (replaces with NA) any values that are outside the axis limits, which includes the 0 which should be the ymin column. 4 since that is the only value within the y range of the plot. Labelling functions are designed to be used with the labels argument of ggplot2 scales. A question was posed on the NHS-R Slack asking for help to code 2 scale y axes on a {ggplot2} chart. For example in the plot below, we manipulate the x-axis by providing arguments to our scale. is the data already log-scaled? This should be TRUE (default) when the data is already transformed with log10() or when using scale_y_log10(). g. The scale_x_continuous () and scale_y_continuous () methods can be used to disable scientific notation and convert scientific labels to discrete form. I must have had a typo or not tried this properly somehow, but the solution is that scale_y_reverse () takes 'label' as an argument, just like scale_y_continuous. Observe que desenhamos dois gráficos para comparação visual com a função grid. #' example is using `scale_x_binned ()` with. This needed a bit of jiggery-pokery to get the second axis on a reasonable scale. How to give Y axis limit and break as argumnet. scale_x_log10() and scale_x_log10() are shortcuts for the base-10 logarithmic transformation of an axis. scale_x_continuous () and scale_y_continuous () are the default scales for continuous x and y aesthetics. Francesco1 August 13, 2021, 1:27pm #1. d1 = data. One useful feature of these functions is to allow for each facet to have a differently scaled y or x axis. The idea is to increase at least +1 to the maximum value of the plot with the highest y-axis value (in the case explained above, it would be the second boxplot with n=8) I have tried to change the y-axis with scale_y_continuous like this: p <- p + scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 5. + scale_y_continuous(labels = scales::percent) However I have not been able to find how to do this in Plotnine. Your bars starts at 0 point and therefore are removed because minimal y value is set higher. I also remove the gap between the graph and the axes using the expand argument. g. A standard example are logarithmic coordinates, which can be achieved in ggplot by using scale_y_log10(). We can also transform either of the axes to a log scale by using the following arguments: scale_x_continuous(trans=’log10′) scale_y_continuous(trans=’log10′) For example, the following code shows how to transform the y-axis to a log scale:Raw Blame. We can create a custom labeler that uses the minimum big value (or any other) as a threshold. R ggplot2 scale_y_continuous : Combining breaks & limits. Instead of changing the data (mutate(y = y / 10^6)), the scale argument can be used to do conversion on the fly : scale_y_continuous(labels = unit_format(unit = "M", scale = 1e-6)) – bug313. 0+ you can specify separate expansion values for the upper and lower limit of the scales. In ggplot2 you can specify formats in 2 ways. e. library (ggplot2) library (scales) nminor <- 7 nmajor <- 5 ggplot (iris, aes (x = Species, y = Sepal. scale_y_continuous() and scale_y_discrete() are the equivalent functions for the y-axis. That's what trans = ~. This article describes how to create a ggplot with a log scale. Hi @MauritsEvers I have added a second plot to hopefully show better. #> Warning: Transformation introduced infinite values in continuous y-axis Yes, the 0s will become -Inf but at least the y-axis is now correct. Hi guys! Really struggling with this one and it feels like a small mistake but can't figure it out. 1) First we make a sequence between 0 and the maximum value of the x-axis, plus some extra padding ((x+1)*1. The numbers are already in % but without such symbols. @konvas If I use scale_y_continuous (breaks = c (0, 1, 3. with the limits, breaks, and labels arguments), but sometimes you will need additional control over guide appearance. Continuous y position for datetime data points. 14. john22 July 1, 2021, 1:07pm #1. Based on the first example, you should be able to understand how changes to font face. scale_y_discrete ignores breaks/labels. Here is an approach using dig. There are different types of layers, each. e. continuous. This code works for me: library (scales) scale_x_continuous (breaks = trans_breaks (identity, identity, n = numticks)) of course you can always set the tick marks explicitly with breaks =. You can set the limits precisely by setting expand = FALSE p + coord_cartesian(xlim = c (325. The diagram is then transformed on the y-axis by calling this function coord_trans (y=log_reverse). ggplot2: change break points of discrete scale to be between two break points. Check the Help tab for. 2. Details. How can I set the limits of the secondary axis?Thanks to the comment below, this can be done by using latest dev. ggplot2 の scale_x_continuous で x 軸の限界を設定する. A set of functions to format numeric values: number_format() and number() are generic formatters for numbers. . 3. 3, scale_y_continuous (expand = expansion (mult = c (0, . Now suppose we attempt to create a scatterplot with a custom y-axis scale using the scale_y_continuous() argument: library (ggplot2) #attempt to create scatterplot with custom y-axis scale ggplot(df, aes (x, y)) + geom_point() + scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 10)) Error: Discrete value supplied to continuous scaleThis factor makes all the difference. My intention is to find out the way to automatically set "good ticks" - so lets say I want to see 8 ticks on each graph on y-axis with suitable values. As of now, ggplot2 supports three date and time classes: POSIXct, Date and hms. Minor suggested edit to the response above: It seems that you have to specify the limits within the scale_y_continuous call prior to setting the values as percentages: scale_y_continuous (limits=c (0,1), labels = scales::percent) Share. Below minimal examples illustrates that I can get percentage scale labels ( labels = percent ) or an absolute scale ( labels = abs ) but I have no idea how to combine them. I was able to remove the decimal. The lemon package contains some useful functions including facet_rep_wrap () and facet_rep_grid (). This should be simple but I am getting some errors. axis =. labels = c ("30 %", "40 %",. 4 Answers. , date, continuous, discrete). Sorted by: 2. However, when I adjust the font face using theme (), the tick labels do not become bold. Examples. Everything works fine except that I can't figure out how to round the numbers used in the data labels. See examples of different values for the argument trans, such as log2, log10, sqrt, and reverse. Variable data is continuous data, this means that the data values can be any real number like 2. This can be done easily using the ggplot2 functions scale_x_continuous() and scale_y_continuous(), which make it possible to set log2 or log10 axis scale. If you want to treat them as discrete, convert to a factor. Length)) + geom_histogram() + scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0. g. R ggplot2 scale_y_continuous : Combining breaks & limits. I tried the digits=0 first but got a warning that it is now deprecated and to use accuracy instead. 7 Making a Stacked Bar Graph. r; ggplot2; contour; Share. ggplot(iris,aes(Sepal. The guides (the axes and legends) help readers interpret your plots. Version: Français. 3. If you were waiting for the obligatory bad-mouthing of Excel, look no further than a follow-up Tweet by the chart author. 3. 1))trans="log10" and labels = scales::dollar problem. Similarly, the scale_discrete function for discrete variables adds 0. A function used to scale the input values to the range [0, 1]. Numeric columns can be reversed by adding scale_y_reverse() or scale_y_continuous(trans = "reverse) but I can't seem to figure out how to get from top to bottom: 2005, 2006, 2007. The ggh4x package has a few additional axes described further on. The rescaler is ignored by position scales, which always use scales::rescale (). It takes as. Here is the issue: I am using ggplot to to make a graph in which the x axis ranges from -90 to 90 degrees. In another R programming tutorial, I’ve shown how to set both axis limits of the x- and y-axes of a ggplot2 plot. Sorted by: 1. e. 4) Video & Further Resources. R ggplot2 scale_y_continuous : Combining breaks & limits. This is a convenience function for generating scale expansion vectors for the expand argument of scale_ (x|y)_continuous and scale_ (x|y)_discrete. As the title suggests, I would like to put the frequency of each level in the x-axis ticks with their corresponding label. This behaviour depends on the oob (out-of-bounds) argument of scale_y_continuous(), which defaults to the scales::censor() function. To set axis break, we use the breaks argument of the scale_x/y_continuous() function. this is helpful, however, the scale from the scale_y_continuous function is applied across all boxplots. axis = dup_axis ()) + scale_y_continuous (sec. This function is used in conjunction with a position scale to create a secondary axis, positioned opposite of the primary axis and then convert them with ggplotly. 1. 0"), limits = c (-0. Error: Discrete value supplied to continuous scale. Stack Overflow Public questions & answers; Stack Overflow for Teams Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers; Talent Build your employer brand ; Advertising Reach developers & technologists worldwide; Labs The future of collective knowledge sharing; About the companyThe first argument (name=) of scale_y_continuous is for the first y scale, where as the sec. don't provide any label text. The key to using any of the scale_ functions is to know what sort of data you’re working with (e. The following works: library ("ggplot2") library ("chron") # Data to graph. It may also be possible to use the. g. – r2evans. The simplest way is to use the scales package, which provides some easy-to-use formatting functions, such as percent and percent_format. scale_y_continuous( breaks=pretty_breaks(), expand = c(0. Beyond this , I also have a requirement to limit the y-axis to avoid displaying values beyond a range. 2 Zooming. I hope this helps understanding why this plot is giving you trouble. I am able to get a plot however when I add scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(0, 0. 5), which explains my decision-making in the if_else() function (line 10–12) in my mutate function that creates color. Therefore the result looks like a single line. library(plotly) p <- ggplot(diamonds, aes(color, log10(price))) + geom_boxplot() + scale_y_continuous("Price, log10-scaling") fig <- ggplotly(p) fig. )). They take the following arguments: name; limits; breaks; labels; position; Let us continue with the scatter plot we have used in previous chapter. 2. Follow edited Jul 1,. So I know that works fine. 0", 0. 0. 5. 2 on) is mostly a labelling benefit. scale_y_continuous는 연속적인 y 축 스케일 미학을위한 값을 설정하는 데 사용됩니다. The inverse of scaling, making guides (legends and axes) that can be used to read the graph, is often even harder! The scales packages provides the internal scaling infrastructure used by ggplot2, and gives you tools. v of ggplot2 (Now available in the CRAN version); install. 使用 scale_y_continuous 将 Y 轴标签打印为 R 中的百分比. As long on the y-axis timedelta64 [ns] is used scaling did not work. For example, +scale_y_continuous (trans="reverse") draws the coordinate axis from top towards bottom, and scale_y_continuous (trans="sqrt") makes. Another alternative is to add coord_cartesian (ylim = c (20, 73)) to your code. 23-27) is too small to effectively use a log scale. There are 4 helper functions in scales used to demonstrate ggplot2 style scales for specific types of data: demo_continuous () and demo_log10 () for numerical axes. How am I supposed to do this? r; ggplot2; axis; Share. df <- data. library (ggplot2) library (lemon) ggplot (diamonds, aes (x=price, fill=cut)) + geom_histogram. 5), to change them to the range you. まず、軸に制限をかけずに散布図を見てみましょう。. scale_continuous GGPLOT - scale_continuous Position scales for continuous data (x & y) and then convert them with ggplotly. There's a couple of things, the scale displays numbers that area a proportion as a percentage, so there's no need to multiply by 100. This gives me a graph that looks like the graph I would want, except for the y-label is not accurate; is there a way to brute force the y-axis label to be 1-7? Code for 1st graph:You can add a breaks =. 0. answered Dec 2, 2018 at 16:35. vector of multiplicative range expansion factors. scale_y_discrete (*args, **kwargs) Discrete y position. ggplot2 removes rows of data which are in specified x-axis range. prettyNum will start using scientific notation from 1e-4 and below. Would be possible to manually define the 1. ggplot (dat, aes (variable, value)) + geom_bar () + scale_y_continuous (formatter="percent") + labs (y="Proportion", x="Type") Option 2 is to specify the label text in the the call to scale. binned_scale: Binning scale constructor; borders: Create a layer of map borders; calc_element: Calculate the element properties, by inheriting properties. This older stackoverflow question explains how to change your y-axis to K for thousands instead of ,000. Also accepts rlang lambda function notation. I want the breaks for the y-scale to be (1) mean-2SD, (2) mean and (3) mean+2SD. the labels are placed at integer positions). 0. Provide details and share your research!このメソッドは、options() を使用してデフォルト設定を決定します。 ここで、ggplot2. This started happening a few days ago, that scales::percent would add a decimal place in its labels, and I can't seem to disable this decimal to display integer values on y-axis. Position scales are used to control the locations of visual entities in a plot, and how those locations are mapped to data values. R ggplot2 scale_y_continuous : Combining breaks & limits. Trying to format y axis to display thousands to 1 decimal place. For example, if by = 5, a tick mark is shown on every 5. There are three variants that set the trans argument for commonly used transformations: scale_*_log10 (), scale_*_sqrt () and scale_*_reverse () . This follows for all other places you define those limits. Description. p1 <- p1 + scale_y_continuous(limits =c(lower. Improve this answer. Here's the full code for the graph:This topic was automatically closed 21 days after the last reply. original: library (scales) library (ggplot2) ggplot (df1, aes (x = Timestamp, y = number)) + geom_line (size=2) + geom_point (size=5) + scale_y_continuous (breaks = seq (0, 50, by = 2)) + scale_x_datetime (breaks = date_breaks ("1 day")) If you want to change how the date is displayed in the label, you can use date_format inside the scale_x. 3. , date, continuous, discrete). frame (x = 1:10, y = c (1:5)) > ggplot (a, aes (x, y)) + geom_point () + scale_y_continuous (limits = c (0, 7)) The other option as seen above is to turn “y” into a numeric list as illustrated above. Note how smooth continues past the points visible on this plot. These functions share common API deisgn, with the first argument specifying the limits of the scale. You can specify limits, breaks, and labels in scale_y_reverse() and just omit scale_y_continuous(). NOTE it's important to add 0 to the breaks to make it. 9%) or perhaps just to 51% (depends on what looks best). The following performs a Mercator transform to the y-axis. 使用的函数是 scale_y_continuous( ) ，它是ggplot2库中 “y-aesthetics “的一个默认比例。由于我们需要在Y轴的标签中加入百分比，所以使用了关键词 “labels “。 现在使用 scales: : percent 将Y轴的标签转换成百分比。这将把Y轴的数据从十进制扩展到百分比。I have 40 groups (defined by short_ID) and would like to produce 40 different plots that use different y-scale breaks for each short_ID. There are three ways to control the plot limits: Adjusting what data are plotted. y with custom breaks on y-axis ggplot(df, aes(x=x, y=y)) + geom_point() + scale_y_continuous(limits = c(0, 100), breaks = seq(0, 100, 10)) Customize a continuous axis. Suppose we have the following data frame in R that shows the percentage of items that were returned at four different stores:ggplot (subset (mtcars, am==1), aes (x=wt, y=mpg, colour=carb)) + geom_point (size=6) In the top one, dark blue is 1 and light blue is 4, while in the bottom one, dark blue is (still) 1, but light blue is now 8. scale_x_discrete() and scale_y_discrete() are used to set the values for discrete x and y scale aesthetics. , scale_colour_gradient2 () , scale_colour_gradientn () ). Para isso, precisamos passar o valor NULL como o parâmetro breaks. Thank you for your help. g. My trouble is in combining the two ideas in R:I have the 'scales' package loaded and even use label = comma in the scale_y_continuous() line. Colour gradients are often used to show the height of a 2d surface. The x- and y-axis scales allow us to alter the axis titles, limits, breaks (at which values the ticks are labeled), and tick mark labels. 8 Making a Proportional Stacked Bar Graph. Please mark answers as accepted if they helped you to solve your problem. It's because you are setting a discrete x scale but your x values are numeric. This answer is out of date for ggplot2 version 0. ie, since the y-axis is transformed using ~. 05, 0) for continuous variables, and c (0, 0. e. This works perfectly! But now, I want to categorise the items in the histogram, as follows: ggplot (contig_len, aes (x = Length, fill = Prevalence)) + geom_histogram (binwidth=200, alpha=0. scale_continuous GGPLOT - scale_continuous Position scales for continuous data (x & y) and then convert them with ggplotly. Every plot has two position scales, corresponding to the x and y aesthetics. It is possible to override this default using transformations. 3. The exponential constant e is positive, and y is just an exponent. A date-time value will create a continuous date/time scale.